UPSC EXAMS 2025

                 UPSC EXAMS 2025

The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE) 2025 Prelims exam is scheduled for May 25, 2025, and the Mains exam is tentatively scheduled from August 22, 2025. The UPSC notification for CSE 2025 was released on January 22, 2025. 

Key Information:

Prelims Exam Date: May 25, 2025 

Mains Exam Date (Tentative): August 22, 2025 

UPSC Notification Release Date: January 22, 2025 

Prelims Exam Structure: Consists of two papers: General Studies and Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT) 

Mains Exam Structure: Consists of nine papers, including an essay, two language papers, four General Studies papers, and two optional papers 

Admit Card Release: The admit card for the Prelims exam was officially released on May 13, 2025. Based on past trends, the admit card for the Mains exam is likely to be released 2-3 weeks before the exam date. 

ALL INDIA COMPETITIVE EXAMS 2025

 ALL INDIA COMPETITIVE EXAMS 2025

In 2025, numerous all-India competitive exams are scheduled, including those for engineering, medical, law, management, and government positions. Key exams include the JEE Main and Advanced for engineering, NEET for medical admissions, CLAT for law, CAT for management, and UPSC, SSC, IBPS, and RBI exams for government jobs. Additionally, the Common University Entrance Test (CUET) and various state-level exams like AP EAMCET and MHT CET are also significant. 

Engineering Entrance Exams:

JEE Main: The Joint Entrance Examination (Main) is a national-level exam for admission to various engineering programs. 

JEE Advanced: The JEE Advanced is a more competitive exam for admissions into the top IITs. 

BITSAT: B.S.I.T.S.A.T. (Birla Institute of Technology and Science Admission Test) is another entrance exam for B.Tech programs at BITS. 

VITEEE: Vellore Institute of Technology Engineering Entrance Examination. 

COMEDK: Consortium of Medical, Engineering, and Dental Colleges of Karnataka (COMEDK) is a state-level exam open to students from all over India. 

SRMJEEE: SRM Joint Engineering Entrance Examination. 

Medical Entrance Exams:

NEET:

The National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test is a national-level exam for medical and dental admissions.

NEET-PG:

The NEET Post Graduate exam is for admission to postgraduate medical programs. 

Law Entrance Exams:

CLAT: The Common Law Admission Test is a national-level exam for admissions to various law schools.

AILET: All India Law Entrance Test. 

Management Entrance Exams:

CAT: The Common Admission Test is a national-level exam for admissions to IIMs and other business schools. 

XAT: The Xavier's Aptitude Test is another management entrance exam. 

Government Exams:

UPSC:

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) Civil Services Examination is a highly competitive exam for recruitment to various government services. 

SSC:

The Staff Selection Commission conducts recruitment exams for various government jobs, including SSC CGL and SSC CHSL. 

IBPS:

The Institute of Banking Personnel Selection conducts exams for recruiting bank personnel. 

RBI:

The Reserve Bank of India conducts recruitment exams for various positions in the RBI. 

RRB:

Railway Recruitment Boards conduct recruitment exams for various posts in Indian Railways, including RRB NTPC, RRB ALP, and RRB Group D. 

State PSCs:

Various state Public Service Commissions conduct exams for state-level government jobs. 

Other Important Exams:

CUET: The Common University Entrance Test is a standardized test for admissions to various universities. 

AP EAMCET: The Andhra Pradesh Engineering, Agriculture and Medical Common Entrance Test is a state-level exam for admissions to engineering and other courses in Andhra Pradesh. 

MHT CET: The Maharashtra Health Technical Common Entrance Test is a state-level exam for engineering and medical admissions in Maharashtra. 

KEAM: The Kerala Engineering, Architecture, and Medical Entrance Exam (KEAM) is a common admission process for various UG courses offered in Kerala. 

AP DSC: Andhra Pradesh District Selection Committee. 

IPU CET: Indrapra

stha University Common Entrance Test. 

MPSC EXAM DATE AND SYLLABUS 2025

      MPSC EXAM DATE AND SYLLABUS 2025

The Maharashtra Public Service Commission (MPSC) has released the exam schedule for various exams in 2025, including the Group B Mains exam, which is scheduled for June 29th, 2025. The MPSC State Services (Rajyaseva) Preliminary exam is scheduled for September 28th, 2025. Additionally, the Group C Prelims exam has been rescheduled to June 1st, 2025. 

Key Points about the MPSC Syllabus:

General Studies:

The syllabus covers General Studies topics such as Indian Polity, Economy, Geography, History, and Maharashtra-specific subjects. 

Mains:

The Mains exam includes a language proficiency test, an essay, and general studies papers. 

Optional Subject:

Candidates can choose an optional subject. 

Preliminary Exam:

The Prelims exam assesses general awareness, including current affairs, history, geography, polity, economics, and science. 

Paper-II:

This paper covers comprehension, interpersonal skills, communication skills, logical reasoning, decision-making, mental ability, basic numeracy, and data interpretation. 

Marathi and English:

Marathi and English language comprehension are important for both Prelims and Mains.

CBSE NEW EDUCATION POLICY 2025 -26

     CBSE NEW EDUCATION POLICY 2025 -26

The CBSE has introduced new policies for the 2025-26 academic year, including a new grading system, the option for Class 10 students to take board exams twice a year, and reforms in assessment practices. Additionally, the board has launched a Parenting Calendar and is emphasizing competency-based learning. 

Key changes in the CBSE new education policy for 2025-26: 

Two Board Exams for Class 10:

Students will have the opportunity to take the Class 10 board exams twice a year, with one exam in February/March and another in May. 

New Grading System:

A 9-point grading system will be implemented for Class 10 and 12 board exams, with every 1/8th of passed students being allocated a grade. 

Competency-Based Questions:

The curriculum will shift towards competency-based questions, focusing on conceptual understanding rather than rote memorization. 

Parenting Calendar:

A new Parenting Calendar has been launched to foster collaboration between schools, parents, and students, promoting student well-being. 

STEM Education Focus:

CBSE has declared STEM education (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) as the Annual Training Theme for 2025, emphasizing experiential and inquiry-based learning. 

Digital Evaluation:

On-Screen Marking (OSM) and a new re-evaluation system will be implemented, along with digital evaluation. 

Basic Calculators Allowed:

Basic, non-programmable calculators will be allowed in Class 12 Accountancy exams. 

TOPIC - GRAVITATION(PHYSICS)

                       GRAVITATION 

Gravitation, or gravity, is a fundamental force of nature that causes objects with mass to attract each other. It's what keeps planets in orbit, objects on Earth from flying off into space, and structures from collapsing. The strength of gravitational attraction depends on the mass of the objects and the distance between them. 

Key Aspects of Gravitation:

Attraction:

Gravitational force is always attractive; it pulls objects together, never pushes them apart. 

Mass and Distance:

The more mass an object has, the stronger its gravitational pull. The closer objects are to each other, the stronger their gravitational attraction. 

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:

This law describes the force of gravity between two objects, stating that the force is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 

Einstein's Theory of General Relativity:

While Newton's law is accurate for most everyday situations, Einstein's theory of general relativity provides a more comprehensive understanding of gravity, particularly in strong gravitational fields and at high speeds. 

Examples:

Gravitational forces are responsible for the tides, the orbits of planets and moons, and the structure of stars and galaxies. 

Weakest Force:

Gravity is the weakest of the four fundamental forces in nature, but it has a profound impact on the universe's structure. 

Historical Significance:

The concept of gravitation played a crucial role in the development of classical and modern physics. 

Gravitation on Earth:

Weight:

Your weight is a measure of the gravitational force exerted by the Earth on your mass. 

Acceleration Due to Gravity:

The acceleration of an object due to gravity at Earth's surface is approximately 9.8 m/s². 

Free Fall:

In the absence of air resistance, all objects fall at the same rate due to gravity, regardless of their mass. 

TOPIC - ADVERBS(ENGLISH GRAMMAR)

                           ADVERBS 

Adverbs are words that modify or describe verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, or even entire sentences. They provide more information about the action, state, or description being expressed. 

Here's a more detailed explanation:

Modifying Verbs:

Adverbs tell us how, when, where, or to what extent an action is performed. For example, in the sentence "She ran quickly," "quickly" is an adverb modifying the verb "ran" by telling how she ran. 

Modifying Adjectives:

Adverbs can also intensify or qualify the meaning of adjectives. For instance, in "He is extremely tall," "extremely" is an adverb modifying the adjective "tall". 

Modifying Other Adverbs:

Adverbs can even modify other adverbs. An example would be "She sings very loudly," where "very" modifies the adverb "loudly". 

Modifying Sentences:

Some adverbs, like "Fortunately," "Sadly," or "Indeed," can modify the entire sentence, providing context or expressing the speaker's attitude. 

Common Types of Adverbs: 

Adverbs of Manner: Describe how something is done (e.g., quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly). 

Adverbs of Time: Indicate when something happens (e.g., now, then, yesterday, soon, always, never). 

Adverbs of Place: Specify where something happens (e.g., here, there, everywhere, below, above). 

Adverbs of Degree: Indicate to what extent something is done (e.g., very, quite, really, almost, so). 

Adverbs of Frequency: Describe how often something occurs (e.g., often, sometimes, usually, always, never). 

TOPIC - CLAUSES(ENGLISH GRAMMAR)

                             CLAUSES 

In English grammar, a clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a verb. It can be a complete sentence or part of a larger sentence. Clauses are the basic building blocks of sentences, providing a core structure of who or what is doing something, and what they are doing. 

Here's a more detailed explanation: 

Subject:

The subject is the noun or pronoun that performs the action or is the focus of the sentence. 

Verb:

The verb is the action word, showing what the subject is doing or being. 

Predicate:

The predicate is everything in the clause that is not the subject, including the verb and any accompanying objects, complements, or modifiers. 

Types of Clauses:

Clauses can be either independent or dependent (also called subordinate). 

Independent Clause: An independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence. 

Dependent Clause: A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and relies on an independent clause for its meaning. 

Phrases vs. Clauses:

A phrase is a group of words that does not contain both a subject and a verb. A clause, on the other hand, always includes a subject and a verb. 

Examples:

"I run." (This is a simple clause, which is also a sentence) 

"Because it was raining, we went inside." ("Because it was raining" is a dependent clause; "we went inside" is an independent clause) 

Beyond Grammar:

The term "clause" can also refer to a distinct part or section within a legal document like a contract or will.